47 Teams of summer-student scientists, sustained by the employees of this National Museum of guy and dealing in collaboration with provincial institutions, started investigating the development associated with the forestry business in British Columbia and Quebec. Scientists focusing on the topic in British Columbia and along with the personnel associated with British Columbia Provincial Museum plus the Museum of Northern British Columbia, focused on two mills near Prince Rupert, Georgetown and Brown’s Mill. Even though the record and items among these mills were being reported, things were acquired from people when you look at the province and especially on Vancouver Island.
48 Although a preliminary investigation of available artifacts in the region north associated with the Gatineau River, and analysis on the timber trade and shipbuilding in Quebec City, being completed, operate in the province of Quebec have actually focused regarding Trois-Rivières area. The bulk of this work had been achieved by pupils supervised by professors within University of Quebec at Trois-Rivières. The latter (René Hardy and Normand Séguin) are planning a monograph from the forestry business for publication inside Museum’s well-known show on trades. This project hasn’t included the analysis of available artifacts, but objects from the area are being obtained by Museum workers.
2. Artifacts
49 Artifacts from the forestry business inside Museum’s collection consist of several places, the biggest that are, very first, those used in supplying for the day-to-day needs of men into the lumber camps and, 2nd, hand resources. Kitchen utensils, private possessions and things used in leisure activities, would be the main sets of items in the first group. The Museum possesses a big stock of cooking area utensils, a lot of which will be similar to the metal and tinware used in lumber camps (cooking pans and pots, kettles, beverage and coffee containers and mugs, collanders and funnels). These utensils result from British Columbia, Ontario, Quebec, and the Maritimes and even though most date from post World War II era, many are hand-made artifacts (like big tin baking sheets and tins cups from Quebec), which date from the belated nineteenth and early 20th centuries. Personal items utilized by lumber men are many, but nevertheless far from full. Trunks, pack-boards, razors, pocket-knives, muskets, dust flasks, and animal traps are types of present material. Leisure tasks tend to be represented by playing cards, violins, cigarette tins and pipelines and alcohol bottles (especially whiskey and alcohol containers). Clothing is restricted primarily to footwear and includes items like early fabric boots (bottes sauvages) worn in Quebec, caulk shoes from British Columbia and different kinds of ice crampons worn from the shoes of males employed in the forests in cold temperatures.
Fig. 1. Coffee-pots made by tinsmiths were used to offer coffee or tea. They certainly were common in kitchens throughout North America, and typical of vessels found in lumber camps.
(Photo: nationwide Museums of Canada [NMC], 74-427.)
50 Accessories, hand resources and a restricted amount of very early machines represent the biggest part of the forestry collection. Add-ons consist of many different hand-forged hooks, rings and bolts designed for the industry by town blacksmiths and produced articles eg “cheeks”, shackles, pins, pulleys, choker hooks, swamp hooks, bull-hooks, “L” hooks, etc. The Museum keeps many tiny resources found in different factors of logging: picks, hand drills, hammers, wrenches, and shovels are examples of this type of artifact. Jacks, timber puppies, boom chains, augers, log-skidding tongs, picaroons, peavies and cant-hooks, illustrating different facets of signing businesses, may well-represented.
Fig. 2. Models for the production of cant-hooks and peavies were part of a Quebec blacksmith’s shop acquired in 1972. Produced in early area of the twentieth century, these designs supply samples of the relationship between the village craftsmen as well as the timber trade and demonstrate the co-existence of hand-made and manufactured products.
(Photo: NMC, 75-10696.)
51 Hatchets, axes and saws from all areas of the country tend to be well-represented. Axes, representing habits from England, European countries and united states of america, consist of wide, hewing and falling axes. An array of axes, from very early eastern gap saws toward western dropping and bucking saws, are obtained. Big circular saws and early chain saws from British Columbia tend to be one of the unusual examples of machinery inside Museum. Falling wedges, iron shoes, spring-boards, milling stones, sawsets and gauges undertake this part of the collection.